What is artificial intelligence (AI)?

What is artificial intelligence (AI)?

    AI, or Artificial Intelligence, refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think, learn, and perform tasks typically requiring human intelligence. AI enables machines to analyze data, recognize patterns, make decisions, and solve problems in a manner similar to human cognition.

Machine Learning: A subset of AI that allows machines to learn from data without being explicitly programmed. It involves algorithms that learn patterns and make predictions or decisions based on the input data.

Deep Learning: A type of machine learning that uses neural networks with many layers (deep neural networks) to process complex data. Deep learning excels in tasks like image and speech recognition, natural language processing, and more.

Natural Language Processing (NLP): It involves enabling machines to understand, interpret, and generate human language. NLP is behind applications like virtual assistants, language translation, sentiment analysis, etc.

Computer Vision: AI enables machines to interpret and understand visual information from images or videos. Computer vision is used in facial recognition, object detection, autonomous vehicles, and more.

Robotics: AI-driven robots are designed to perform tasks that typically require human intervention. They are utilized in manufacturing, healthcare, space exploration, and other industries.

    AI applications span various fields such as healthcare, finance, automotive, entertainment, education, and more. AI systems have the ability to analyze large volumes of data, learn from it, and make decisions or predictions, making them highly valuable in automation, optimization, and problem-solving.

    The field of AI continues to evolve rapidly, driven by advancements in technology, computational power, access to vast amounts of data, and innovative research. While AI presents numerous opportunities and benefits, it also raises ethical concerns, including data privacy, bias in algorithms, job displacement, and the impact on society, requiring careful consideration and ethical deployment.

  1. Machine Learning: It’s a subset of AI that focuses on enabling machines to learn from data without being explicitly programmed. It includes supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

  2. Natural Language Processing (NLP): This field involves enabling machines to understand, interpret, and generate human language. NLP is the technology behind voice assistants, language translation, sentiment analysis, etc.

  3. Computer Vision: It allows machines to interpret and understand visual information from the real world. It’s used in facial recognition, object detection, autonomous vehicles, and more.

  4. Robotics: AI-driven robots are designed to perform tasks that typically require human intervention. They are used in various industries, including manufacturing, healthcare, and logistics.

  1. Healthcare: AI is used in diagnostics, personalized medicine, drug discovery, and remote patient monitoring to enhance healthcare services.

  2. Finance: AI is employed for fraud detection, algorithmic trading, risk assessment, and customer service in the financial sector.

  3. Automotive Industry: It’s utilized in self-driving cars, predictive maintenance, and improving the overall driving experience.

  4. Retail: AI powers recommendation systems, demand forecasting, inventory management, and personalized shopping experiences.

  5. Education: AI is used in adaptive learning platforms, intelligent tutoring systems, and automated grading systems.

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Artificial Intelligence [AI]

AI raises ethical concerns related to privacy, bias in algorithms, job displacement due to automation, and its impact on society. Ensuring AI systems are fair, transparent, and aligned with ethical standards is crucial for its responsible deployment.

Overall, AI has the potential to transform industries, improve efficiency, and revolutionize the way we live and work, but it also requires careful consideration and regulation to address its ethical and societal impacts.

The future of Artificial Intelligence (AI) holds numerous possibilities and advancements that could significantly impact various aspects of our lives. Here are some potential ways AI might work in the future:

Advanced Machine Learning Algorithms: Future AI systems may utilize more sophisticated and efficient machine learning algorithms. This could lead to better predictions, faster learning, and improved decision-making capabilities across diverse applications.

AI in Healthcare: AI is expected to play a crucial role in healthcare, aiding in early disease detection, personalized medicine, drug discovery, and treatment optimization. AI-powered medical devices and diagnostic tools could revolutionize patient care.

Autonomous Vehicles: Advancements in AI will likely enhance autonomous vehicles, making them safer, more efficient, and capable of navigating complex environments. This could lead to widespread adoption of self-driving cars and improved transportation systems.

Natural Language Processing (NLP) and Conversational AI: Future AI systems are anticipated to have more natural and human-like interactions. NLP technologies will likely improve language understanding, making virtual assistants and chatbots more conversational and intuitive.

AI in Industry and Robotics: Industries are expected to increasingly rely on AI-powered robotics for automation and optimization of manufacturing processes, logistics, and supply chains. Robots equipped with AI could perform intricate tasks with precision.

Ethical and Explainable AI: Future AI models may prioritize ethics, fairness, and transparency. Efforts to create AI systems that are more explainable, interpretable, and accountable are likely to increase, addressing concerns about biases and decision-making opacity.

AI for Climate Change and Sustainability: AI could be utilized to tackle environmental challenges, such as climate modeling, resource optimization, and sustainable practices in various industries, contributing to a greener future.

AI-Augmented Creativity: AI tools might collaborate with humans in creative fields like art, music, design, and literature, aiding in idea generation, content creation, and artistic expression.

Personalization and Hyper-Personalization: AI-driven personalization is expected to become more refined, offering hyper-personalized experiences in entertainment, education, shopping, and more, tailored to individual preferences and behaviors.

AI Ethics and Regulation: There will likely be increased focus on AI ethics, privacy, and regulation. Developing and implementing ethical guidelines and regulatory frameworks to govern AI use will be crucial to ensure responsible deployment.

The future of AI will be shaped by continuous technological advancements, ethical considerations, societal needs, and regulatory frameworks. It holds great potential to positively impact various domains while requiring careful management to mitigate potential risks and ethical challenges.

Understanding Operating Profit: A Key Metric for Assessing Business Performance

 

In the realm of financial analysis, understanding operating profit is crucial. It serves as a key measure of a company’s operational efficiency and profitability. However, it is essential to grasp its limitations and consider it in conjunction with other metrics. This article explores the significance of operating profit, its components, calculation, and interpretation. It will provide a comprehensive understanding of its role in assessing a company’s financial health.

Operating profit is a key financial metric that evaluates a company’s profitability. The profit considered for evaluation is solely from its core operations. It excludes all non-operating activities. Operating profit provides insights into the efficiency of a company’s day-to-day core business activities.

Operating profit holds significance for investors, analysts, and business owners. It provides valuable insights into the operational efficiency and profitability of the core business activities.

By focusing on operating profit, analysts can assess how well a company generates profits from its fundamental operations. Operating profit does not consider “other incomes” and “non-operating expenses” like interest income, income from investments, taxes, or one-time events.

Operating profit allows for a clearer understanding of the company’s ability to sustain profitability and growth over time.

This article will provide a comprehensive understanding of operating profit. It’ll explore its components, calculation methods, and interpretation. Let’s start exploring.

 

 

#1. Definition and Purpose of Operating Profit

Definition: Operating profit refers to the profit generated by a company from its core operations, excluding non-operating activities. It represents the amount of operating revenue remaining after deducting the cost of goods sold (COGS) and operating expenses.

The Purpose

  • In business: The purpose of operating profit is to assess the profitability and efficiency of the company’s core activities. It indicates how well a company generates profits from its day-to-day operations. Why do businesses focus on operating profit? This way they can evaluate their operational performance and identify areas for cost improvement. This awareness will let them make informed decisions regarding pricing and cost management.
  • In accounting: It enables investors and analysts to assess the financial health and profitability of a company’s core business activities. Operating profit is not influenced by non-operating factors such as interest income, investment income or loss, or tax implications. Hence, analysts can compare it across companies and industries as it focuses on the income generated directly from operations.

#2. Gross Profit, Operating Profit, and Net Profit

Operating profit, gross profit, and net profit are all profitability measures. But they differ in terms of what they include and how they assess a company’s financial performance. Here’s a comparison of the three measures:

Profitability Measure Definition Components Included
Gross Profit Operating Revenue minus the cost of goods sold (COGS) Operating, COGS
Operating Profit Operating Revenue minus COGS and other operating expenses Operating Revenue, COGS, other Operating Expenses
Net Profit Total Income (operating revenue plus other income) minus COGS, operating expenses, interest, taxes, and non-operating items Total Income, COGS, Operating Expenses, Interest Expenses, Taxes, Non-operating Items
Explanation
  1. Gross Profit:
    • Gross profit represents the operating revenue remaining after deducting the direct cost of producing goods or services (cost of goods sold – COGS).
    • It focuses solely on production costs. It does not include operating expenses such as marketing, R&D, and administrative costs.
  2. Operating Profit:
  3. Net Profit:

Gross profit focuses solely on production costs. Operating profit considers both production costs and other operating expenses. While net profit encompasses all types of income and expenses.

Each measure provides a different perspective on a company’s profitability and financial performance. Operating profit offers a more focused view of the operational efficiency and effectiveness of the company’s core business.

#3. Importance of Operating Profit

Focusing on operating profit is crucial when evaluating a company’s operational efficiency for several reasons:

  1. Core Business Evaluation: Operating profit excludes non-operating factors and focuses only on core operations. Stakeholders can focus on operating profit to know how well the company is generating profits from its primary business activities.
  2. Efficiency Benchmarking: Operating profit allows for benchmarking and comparisons within the industry. Investors and analysts can assess a company’s operational efficiency by comparing its operating margins with competitors or industry standards. This benchmarking provides insights into whether the company is performing better or worse compared to its peers.
  3. Identification of Operational Strengths and Weaknesses: By analyzing the components of operating profit, such as operating revenue, COGS, and other operating expenses, stakeholders can identify specific areas where improvements can be made. Read more about it in the next section of this article.

Suppose there are two companies A & B. Both companies have reported Rs.100 crores as operating revenue and Rs.50 crores as operating profit. But they differ in COGS and other operating expenses. COGS (A = Rs.30 crore, B = Rs.20 crore). Other operating expenses (A = Rs.20 crore, B = Rs.30 crore). As Company B has a lower direct cost (COGS) and higher non-direct cost (other operating expenses), in terms of cost efficiency it looks better.

Consistently positive and growing operating profit indicates that the company has a robust and efficient business model. It provides confidence that the company can withstand market fluctuations, economic downturns, and industry challenges.

#4. Components of Operating Profit

Operating profit is determined by three main components that contribute to its calculation. These components include operating revenue, cost of goods sold (COGS), and other operating expenses. Here’s a breakdown of each component:

Operating Profit - Components, formula

Operating Revenue

Operating revenue is also known as operating revenue or sales. It represents the total amount of money generated from the sale of goods or services. It includes all income generated directly from the company’s core operations. Operating revenue can include revenue from the sale of products and services.

The total revenue of a company can be broadly classified into two types, ‘operating revenue’ and ‘other income.’ In the calculation of operating profit, only operating revenue is considered.

Cost of Goods Sold (COGS)

COGS is also an operating expense but it considers only direct costs. Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) refers to the direct costs incurred in the production or delivery of goods or services. COGS typically includes expenses such as raw materials, direct labor costs, manufacturing overhead, or direct service costs.

COGS is subtracted from revenue to calculate gross profit, which represents the profitability of the company’s primary operations before considering operating expenses.

In financial reports published by Indian companies, COGS is not directly mentioned. So, here is how one can calculate COGS using other numbers. To calculate the COGS, one can use the following formula:

COGS Formula

To obtain values of new purchases, we can use the below numbers from the company’s P&L account.

[Note: The companies of the Service sector, like TCS, Infosys, etc maintain no inventory. For such companies, COGS is calculated as zero. Hence, such companies will have gross profit and operating profit equal to each other.]

Other Operating Expenses

Other operating expenses are non-direct costs necessary to run the company’s operations. It encompasses all costs associated with running a company’s day-to-day operations, excluding COGS.

Operating expenses can include items such as marketing and advertising expenses, R&D costs, employee salaries, rent, utilities, administrative expenses, and other overhead costs.

#5. Interpreting Operating Profit

Operating profit is a valuable financial metric that provides insights into a company’s operational efficiency and profitability. However, to gain a comprehensive understanding of a company’s financial health, it is essential to consider it in conjunction with other financial metrics.

Here’s how operating profit can be used in combination with other metrics:

Net Profit

Net profit represents the final profitability measure after deducting all expenses. It includes operating expenses, interest expenses, taxes, and non-operating items.

By comparing operating profit with net profit, stakeholders can assess the impact of non-operating factors on overall profitability.

A significant difference between operating profit and net profit may indicate the presence of non-operating items. Non-operating factors can be one-time gains or losses, interest expenses, or tax implications, etc.

Evaluating the relationship between operating profit and net profit helps understand the comprehensive financial performance of the company.

Gross Profit Margin

Gross profit margin is calculated by dividing gross profit (revenue minus COGS) by revenue. It represents the profitability of a company’s core operations (production) before considering other operating expenses.

By comparing the gross profit margin with the operating profit margin, analysts will know where are the cost concerns. If the gross margin is sufficiently higher than the operating margin, it means that the company is spending more on sales and marketing, R&D, salaries, etc. To bring a party between gross and operating margins, there is a possibility of cost-cutting on the other operating expenses side.

Cash Flow

Analyzing operating profit alongside cash flow metrics provides insights into the company’s cash-generating capabilities.

Cash flow from operating activities reflects the actual cash generated from core operations. Comparing operating profit with cash flow helps assess the quality of profit.

A critical question that will be answered here is that, whether the company’s reported profits are translating into actual cash flow.

If operating profit is significantly higher than cash flow, it may indicate potential cash flow challenges or non-cash accounting items affecting profitability.

Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)

ROIC measures the profitability of an investment relative to the invested capital. It is a ratio between after-tax operating income and the invested capital.

By comparing the operating profit margin to ROIC, analysts can assess the company’s efficiency in generating returns on its investments.

A higher ROIC indicates better capital utilization and long-term sustainability. Operating Profit Margin, on the other hand, reflects the profitability of the company’s core operations by indicating the percentage of revenue that translates into operating profit.

A higher Operating Profit Margin signifies better operational efficiency and cost management.

Debt Levels

Evaluating operating profit in relation to the company’s debt levels helps gauge its ability to service its debt obligations.

Assessing metrics such as the interest coverage ratio-ICR (operating profit divided by interest expense) helps determine the company’s capacity to cover interest payments from its operating earnings.

A higher interest coverage ratio suggests a lower risk of default and a stronger financial position.

A high operating margin and high ICR give a clear indication that the company has no debt-related problems.

Industry Comparisons

Comparing the operating profit margins of a company with industry peers or benchmarks provides context. It helps assess the company’s relative performance.

Understanding how the company’s financial health measures up to industry standards and competitors’ metrics can identify areas of strength or weakness and support informed decision-making.

#6. Limitations of Operating Profit

While operating profit is a valuable measure of a company’s financial performance, it does have limitations when used as a standalone measure.

Here are some key limitations to consider:

  • Ignores Financing and Capital Structure: Operating profit does not consider the impact of a company’s financing decisions or capital structure. It does not account for interest expenses, debt repayments, or the cost of capital. As a result, it does not provide a comprehensive view of the company’s financial obligations and the efficiency of its capital utilization.
  • Lack of Cash Flow Consideration: Operating profit is an accounting measure that focuses on revenue and expenses. It does not directly reflect the company’s cash flow. Cash flow from operating activities, which includes changes in working capital, can differ significantly from operating profit. It can be due to factors such as the timing of payments and receipts.
  • Industry-Specific Factors: Operating profit alone may not be sufficient for comparing companies across different industries. Industries have varying cost structures, business models, and capital requirements, which can affect operating profit margins. Comparisons between companies in different industries solely based on operating profit may lead to inaccurate conclusions.

To overcome these limitations of operating profit, it is important to consider additional financial metrics while analyzing a company. Other metrics can be net profit, cash flow, ROIC, etc as explained earlier.

Conclusion

Operating profit is a critical financial metric that provides insights into a company’s operational efficiency and profitability. Its focus is on the profits generated from core operations. It allows analysts to assess the company’s ability to generate sustainable income from its fundamental business activities.

However, it is important to recognize the limitations of operating profit as a standalone measure of a company’s financial performance.

Operating profit has its drawbacks. It excludes all non-operating items. It kind of neglects the financing and capital structure of the company. Operating profit also does not take note of the cash flow potential of a company. Hence, operating profit may not provide a comprehensive view of a company’s profitability.

To gain a comprehensive understanding of a company’s financial health, it is crucial to consider operating profit in conjunction with other financial metrics.

Ultimately, operating profit serves as an essential component in assessing a company’s financial performance. What is that component? The efficiency of the company to produce goods and services. Generally speaking, companies with good operating profit margins are considered financially healthy. But it is also true that there are exceptions. Excessively debt-burdened companies may not follow this general rule.

Understanding Operating Profit: A Key Metric for Assessing Business Performance

[contact-form][contact-field label=”Name” type=”name” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Email” type=”email” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Website” type=”url” /][contact-field label=”Message” type=”textarea” /][/contact-form]

Fundamental Analysis of UPL Limited

The UPL Limited has been in my stock portfolio for some time. At the current valuations, the company is valued at Rs.45,000 crores as its market capitalization. In the last 10 years, this stock has yielded a price appreciation of about 20% per annum. Now, I’m trying to reevaluate my holdings in this company.

UPL Limited - 10Y Price Data

The last 10-year price data of UPL Limited shows a decent picture. But in the last 5 years, the stock has remained mostly flat. The CAGR (growth) of the stock price has been a dismal 6.6%. For an equity investor, this is not acceptable. Five years of holding time is a decent long-term, and a below-average return of 6.6% is bad. Even Nifty 50 has given an 11% CAGR return in the last 5 years.

UPL Limited - 5Y Price Data

So, for long-term investors like me, it is time to reevaluate our holdings in this stock. In normal circumstances, I would have sold this stock feeling happy that the stock did its job in my last 10 years of holding (20% CAGR).

But in the last sixteen months or so, there has been a tremendous correction in this stock. The stock price has fallen from Rs.820 to Rs. 600 levels (-28%). In the last 1 year, the price has gone down by more than 20%.

UPL Limited - price correction in last 16 months
UPL Limited - 1Y Price Data

So, I’m evaluating whether should I consider selling my holding or buy more of it. Whenever I face this kind of dilemma, it is an indicator that I should do a thorough fundamental analysis of my stock.

When I say fundamental analysis, doing the analysis of a stock using the DCF Method is what I mean.

I would just like to bring it to your attention that my Stock Engine has given UPL Ltd an Overall Score of 46.4% which is too low.

Spider Diagram for UPL - Stock Engine2

#1. Intrinsic Value Estimation

I estimate the intrinsic value of my stocks mostly using the DCF Method for which we need free cash flows.

There are two ways to calculate the free cash flows of the company. The first and the primary one is taking numbers from the cash flow report. The second method is where the numbers are collected from the profit and loss accounts of the company. Learn to read financial statements of companies.

For such stocks that have remained flat for extended periods (like 5 years), I’ll rely only on the numbers from the cash flow report. It is a stringent method but for flattish stocks like UPL Limited, it is what is necessary.

The idea is to check, what has caused the stock to remain flattish for the last five years. The analysis will also unearth if I should add more to my holdings in this stock or rather sell it.

The analysis should start with free cash flow calculations.

#1.1 Free Cash Flow To Firm (FCFF)

To calculate free cash flow to the firm (FCFF), we’ve two alternatives. But for UPL we’ll rely only on the values from its cash flow report. Why? Because I want my conclusion to be close to reality. I’ve more confidence on the numbers of the cash flow report.

We need the following values to estimate its FCFF:

  • Net Cash Flow From Operating Activities.
  • Capex.
Description 2023 2022
PAT 4,414 4,437
Net cash flow from operating activities 7,751 6496
CAPEX -1,672 -2,022
FCFF 6,079 4,474

The free cash flow to the firm comes out to Rs. 6079 and Rs. 4474 crores in the last two years. During these two FYs, the company has reported a net profit of Rs.4,414 and 4,437 crores respectively.

Net cash flow from operating activities is actually higher than the PAT. It is a big positive.

But before we can finally conclude if the free cash flow is healthy for its investors or not, we must calculate the free cash flow to equity (FCFE).

Please Note: We can also use another formula to calculate the FCFF. This formula is FCFF = PAT + D&A – Capex – Increase in Working Capital. Using this formula as well, the FCFF of UPL Limited comes out to be Rs.4,042 Crore in the FY 2022-23. To know how to calculate FCF, check this article.

#1.2 Free Cash Flow To Equity (FCFE)

FCFF and FCFE are both measures of a company’s free cash flow. However, there are some key differences between the two.

  • FCFF: FCFF is the cash flow available to all types of investors. Here, both shareholders and debt providers to the company are referred to as investors.
  • FCFE: FCFE is the cash flow available only to shareholders.

When we are doing DCF analysis, we are mainly doing it as an existing or prospective shareholder of the company. Hence, for us, FCFE is the required metric. To know more about FCFF and FCFF, read this article on free cash flow.

To calculate FCFE, we’ll need the following numbers:

  • Free Cash Flow To Firm (FCFF).
  • Net New Debt (= Net Debt taken – Debt Repaid).
  • Interest Paid (Finance Cost).
  • Effective Tax Rate.
Description 2023 2022
FCFF 6,079 4,474
Net New Debt -4,595 1,306
Interest 2,345 1,941
Tax Rate 14.74% 10.65%
FCFE -515 4,046

You can see that, in FY 2022-23, the Free Cash Flow (FCFE) for the company comes out as negative.

The main reason why the FCFE is negative is that the company has used the majority of its FCFF to pay back the loan’s principal and interest.

In a way, it is good that the company is using its cash flows to get rid of its loan burden. But the immediate effect of these loan paybacks is causing its FCFE (free cash flow) to go into negative.

To understand why the debt is draining so much of the company’s cash flows, we must also look at its capital structure.

#1.3 Debt Analysis is Necessary

Negative free cash flow to equity is like negative net profit. To the owners (shareholders) of the company, Free Cash Flow To Equity (FCFE) is the real profit. A positive PAT or FCFF is not as relevant.

So, for UPL Limited, we’ve seen that though the company has posted good PAT and FCFF numbers, its FCFE is still negative in FY 2022-23. The reason for this negative reporting was debt repayment, both principal and interest.

To understand why so much cash is flowing out to manage debt, let’s look at the company’s capital structure and its debt-to-equity ratio.

Description Mar-23 Mar-22 Mar-21 Mar-20 Mar-19
Net Worth 26,858.00 21,675.00 17,901.00 16,296.00 14,715.00
ST Borrowings 2,855.00 4,261.00 1,414.00 1,298.00 2,478.00
LT Borrowings 20,144.00 21,605.00 22,146.00 27,371.00 26,383.00
Total Debt 22,999.00 25,866.00 23,560.00 28,669.00 28,861.00
Total Capital 49,857.00 47,541.00 41,461.00 44,965.00 43,576.00
Debt To Equity 0.86 1.19 1.32 1.76 1.96
Debt as % of Total Capital 46.13% 54.41% 56.82% 63.76% 66.23%

Out of the total capital of the company, nearly 50% is financed from debt. In the FY ending March ’19, the debt dependency was as high as 66.23%. The debt-to-equity ratio in the same year was 1.96, which is too high.

Though the company has tried to reduce its debt dependency in the last 5 years, its debt levels are still too high.

The result of this high debt is that the company is yielding negative free cash flow to equity (FCFE) which is detrimental to the shareholders.

Conclusion

If we look only at the company’s last 10 years reported numbers, the performance of UPL Limited is very good. From these numbers, it looks like that company is poised to grow at the rate of about 15% per annum.

Description FY 2023 FY 2014 Growth
Revenue (Rs.Cr.) 54,053 10,902 17.36%
EBITDA (Rs.Cr.) 10,503 2,057 17.71%
PAT (Rs.Cr.) 4,257 942.10 16.28%
Reserves (Rs.Cr.) 26,708 5,162 17.87%
Total Assets (Rs.Cr.) 88,577 12,858 21.29%
Net Cash From Operations (Rs.Cr.) 7,751 1,442.11 18.31%
Projected Future Growth 15% p.a.

Some people might get carried away with these numbers and invest in UPL.

But when we drill into its free cash flows, we will see that there is no cash available for the shareholders (FCFE). The reason for this lack of cash is that most of its cash is being used to pay back the loan.

When the FCFE of a company is negative, its intrinsic value becomes zero. Hence, at all price levels, it will look expensive.

Final View

But does the negative FCFE make UPL non-investible? Absolutely not. Why? Because seeing the other fundamentals of the company, negative FCFE looks like a temporary phenomenon. The kind of market share the company has, cannot be ignored. Such stocks must be bought at a higher margin of safety.

Suppose, in the next two years, the company manages to convert its FCFE into positive. Currently, its FCFF is about Rs.6,000 Crore. Let’s say, it is able to convert about 10% of its FCFF into FCFE (Rs.600 Crore). Assuming a slow normal period growth rate of 12% and nominal growth rate of 3%, at a 12% discount rate, the intrinsic value of UPL comes out to be Rs.560 per share.

At the current price level of Rs.600, it is trading at a PE multiple of 16.5. If the stock’s price corrects by another 10% to 15% from these levels, I may consider reinvesting in it.

For the moment, I’m neither selling nor buying. I’ll say, between Rs.500 and Rs.575, for me, this stock is a decent long-term buy (holding period 10 years).

Have a happy investing.

Suggested Reading:

Fundamental Analysis of UPL Limited

[contact-form][contact-field label=”Name” type=”name” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Email” type=”email” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Website” type=”url” /][contact-field label=”Message” type=”textarea” /][/contact-form]

Mastering High Returns of Capital: Insights from Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger

 

 

 

 

 

We’ll delve into the investment minds of Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger as we explore their profound perspectives on the high returns of capital. We’ll try to gain insights by looking into their perspective on capital deployment by companies. As an investor, we know that a company that can yield high returns of capital will be preferred over others.

In stock investing, the pursuit of a high return on capital (ROC) should be the target for every savvy investor. The notion of efficiently deploying capital to yield substantial gains has long been a cornerstone of successful wealth-building strategies. Let’s delve into the profound wisdom of two legendary investment maestros: Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger. Their distinguished approaches to capital deployment offer invaluable insights that transcend the realms of finance.

Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger have a profound ability to identify promising investments and nurture them into financial powerhouses. The core of their philosophy is the concept of high returns on capital. Here there is an interplay between capital infusion and future returns (growth of capital). This is the essence of compounding.

As we navigate the terrain of these investment virtuosos, we uncover the dual facets of their strategies. Buffett’s aspiration for businesses capable of compounding capital at remarkable rates is juxtaposed with Munger’s inclination towards enterprises requiring minimal capital yet yielding exceptional returns. These two perspectives intertwine, illustrating the nuanced approaches that underpin their successes.

Through a lens tinted with pragmatism, we will dissect the practicality of realizing the ideal business – a phenomenon characterized by sustained high returns and a voracious appetite for capital reinvestment. While such entities may appear rare, the investment philosophies of Buffett and Munger prove adaptable to the intricate tapestry of real-world scenarios.

Join us as we unravel the strategies employed by these luminaries, unlocking the door to achieving ‘High Returns of Capital’ in a realm of financial opportunity.

Understanding Capital Deployment Strategies

In the intricate realm of investment, the art of capital deployment stands as a pivotal determinant of financial success. Effectively channeling resources into ventures that yield substantial returns is a hallmark of astute investors. Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger, have each crafted unique strategies when it comes to capital deployment, adding depth and dimension to the pursuit of ‘High Returns of Capital’.

Capital deployment is not merely a matter of investing resources; it is a strategy that can either amplify or constrain potential gains. The ability to allocate funds judiciously is key to generating returns that outpace the initial investment. This concept underscores the significance of capital deployment strategies – a facet that both Buffett and Munger have embraced with distinct perspectives.

Warren Buffett, renowned as one of the most successful investors of our time, places a premium on businesses with the potential to compound capital at extraordinary rates. This approach hinges on the power of compounding – the ability of an investment to generate earnings that are subsequently reinvested, resulting in exponential growth over time.

Businesses with this capability become compounding machines, transforming capital injections into a self-perpetuating cycle of wealth creation.

In contrast, Charlie Munger emphasizes a different aspect of capital deployment. Munger is drawn to businesses that demand minimal additional capital while delivering outsized returns.

This philosophy is rooted in the principle of efficiency – by requiring less capital for growth, a business can achieve substantial returns without the need for extensive reinvestment.

These divergent yet complementary strategies illuminate the multifaceted nature of capital deployment. While Buffett’s approach harnesses the power of sustained compounding, Munger’s perspective capitalizes on resource-efficient enterprises.

The Ideal Business: A Compounding Machine

Within the realm of investment philosophy, few concepts hold as much allure as the notion of the ideal business” – a formidable entity capable of generating high returns on capital while seamlessly reinvesting significant resources at those same compelling rates.

This visionary approach championed by Warren Buffett transcends mere investment strategies, encapsulating the essence of compounding wealth through capital deployment.

Buffett’s concept of the ideal business mirrors a perpetual motion engine, harnessing the twin forces of impressive returns and judicious capital reinvestment.

In this financial alchemy, every dollar invested becomes a catalyst for future growth, setting in motion a self-sustaining cycle of compounded returns. Such a business transforms capital into a dynamic force that propels it forward, consistently outperforming conventional investment models.

Consider the quintessential example of Berkshire Hathaway itself – an ideal business. Over the decades, Buffett nurtured Berkshire Hathaway into a compounding machine, a financial juggernaut that continually reinvests capital into diverse ventures, generating remarkable returns. Each subsidiary, operating with operational autonomy and contributing to the parent company’s bottom line, exemplifies the principle of capital compounding in action.

The idea of the ideal business goes beyond profit. It embodies a strategic vision where capital’s ability to generate returns becomes a driving force for success. By understanding and applying Buffett’s principles of capital deployment, investors can uncover opportunities that embody the essence of a compounding machine.

Reality Check: Rare Nature of High-Return Capital Businesses

While the concept of businesses capable of deploying increasing capital at consistently high rates of return evokes intrigue and aspiration, a reality check reveals their rarity within the investment landscape. Warren Buffett’s pursuit of the ideal business, a compounding machine capable of exponential growth through capital deployment, is indeed a formidable vision. Yet, the real world often demonstrates that such entities are few and far between.

Enterprises like Coca-Cola and See’s Candy stand as testaments to the distinct dichotomy between impressive returns and incremental capital deployment. These big brands, while undoubtedly possessing the capacity to generate handsome profitsdeviate from the paradigm of unceasing capital compounding. Their hallmark lies in the art of generating substantial returns without necessitating substantial injections of additional capital.

Coca-Cola, an emblem of global consumerism, thrives on its brand strength and distribution network, attributes that enable it to churn out considerable profits with very low capital requirements. Similarly, See’s Candy, renowned for its delectable confections, exemplifies the power of consistent returns achieved without perpetual capital reinvestment.

While these companies have certainly achieved remarkable financial success, the “relentless compounding of capital” is not a defining characteristic of their business models.

This reality underscores the rarity of businesses that fit the mold of the ideal compounding machine described by Warren Buffett.

While the pursuit of such entities remains a cornerstone of investment aspiration, it is imperative to acknowledge the paucity of these opportunities in practice.

The Berkshire Hathaway’s Structure

In the orchestration of capital deployment strategies, the structure of an investment conglomerate assumes a pivotal role in amplifying returns and optimizing resources. Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway stands as an exemplar of this strategic ingenuity. It is an example of the art of reallocating capital across diverse businesses.

At the heart of Berkshire Hathaway’s design lies a flexibility that allows for agile capital reallocation. This distinctive structure enables the conglomerate to harness the advantages of moving cash fluidly across its array of subsidiaries and ventures. This capability often likened to a financial chessboard, grants Buffett and his team the power to strategically position resources where they are best poised to generate substantial returns.

The art of reallocating capital within Berkshire Hathaway is a symphony of precision. Cash generated by one subsidiary’s success can be seamlessly channeled into another. This way they are maximizing the potential for growth and compounding returns. This dynamic movement allows the conglomerate to transcend the limitations that often constrain businesses with “restricted capital deployment opportunities.”

The advantages of this structure are manifold. It affords Berkshire Hathaway the ability to capitalize on opportunities that emerge across a diverse spectrum of industries, mitigating risk and capitalizing on emerging trends. The conglomerate’s unparalleled flexibility in reallocating capital underscores the essence of a compounding machine, an attribute that echoes Buffett’s visionary concept of an ideal business.

Factors Influencing Capital Deployment

Industry characteristics emerge as a fundamental determinant in the effectiveness of capital deployment. Industries with rapidly evolving landscapes, such as technology, demand nimble resource allocation to capitalize on opportunity.

Conversely, more stable sectors may warrant longer-term capital strategies for sustained growth. The dynamics of each industry shape the tempo at which capital is infused and returns are realized.

Growth opportunities act as catalysts for capital deployment. Businesses poised for expansion necessitate significant resource allocation to seize untapped potential. These opportunities may manifest as market expansions, technological innovation, or strategic acquisitions. The ability to accurately assess growth prospects and allocate resources accordingly is pivotal in achieving high returns on capital.

A company’s internal financial health and management efficacy also play a pivotal role. Prudent capital deployment hinges on adept management, capable of identifying avenues for strategic resource allocation. A company’s track record of capital utilization and its ability to generate returns are indicators of its potential to amplify capital effectiveness.

Furthermore, external economic conditions and market volatility influence the viability of capital deployment strategies. Economic shifts may necessitate agility in reallocating resources to mitigate risks and capitalize on emerging trends. Adaptability to these external forces is a hallmark of successful capital deployment.

There are two types of great businesses we’ll see in the market. A few are ones that are bearing surplus cashand those exhibiting good returns yet constrained reinvestment opportunities.

As an investor, we must learn to deal with these types of companies differently. These distinct businesses demand distinct strategies, each harboring its own set of challenges and advantages.

  • Enterprises with surplus cash stand as a testament to financial prowess. They generate robust profits that exceed operating expenses, resulting in surplus funds. It leads to cash abundance. This cash grants flexibility, allowing businesses to explore expansion, diversification, or strategic acquisitions. Such companies can seize opportunities swiftly. They can use the available resources for strategic growth. However, the surplus cash must be efficiently managed. The decision-making of the top management on how to deploy this cash must yield substantial returns. The challenge lies in identifying ventures that align with the business’s core competencies and amplify shareholder value.
  • Businesses that report high returns but possess limited reinvestment avenues tread a more complex path. These enterprises excel in generating profits, yet their capital requirements for growth may be modest. Such businesses may lack the potential to magnify returns through substantial capital infusion. The advantage here lies in stability; they can channel profits into dividends. This way they can reward shareholders while sustaining the core business. However, the challenge surfaces when they want to see fast growth. As they have limited opportunities for reinvestment, it can lead to stagnation.

A judicious blend of surplus cash utilization and focused reinvestment is the compass. By adeptly navigating the duality presented by these contrasting business types, investors can harmonize returns, growth, and stability, inching closer to the elusive realm of ‘High Returns of Capital’.

Investment Philosophies and the Real World

In the realm of investment, the ideals of capital compounding may appear ethereal, reserved for the rarefied few who discover businesses capable of perpetual reinvestment at high rates of return.

However, the seasoned wisdom of Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger reveals a pragmatic reality: while true compounding machines are a rarity, there’s immense value in businesses that consistently generate good returns on capital.

Buffett and Munger, despite their reverence for the elusive ‘ideal business’, pragmatically navigate the investment landscape by embracing opportunities that exhibit commendable returns. Their investment philosophies pivot on recognizing the power of sustained profitability. They also acknowledge that there are very less businesses around that can deploy vast capital at high rates of return.

In practice, these investment maestros identify businesses that display the potential for steady returns and judicious capital utilization. Such enterprises may not be a compounding machine, yet they display the characteristics of sustainability and consistency of earnings.

Such companies should become integral components of our stock portfolios. They will act as pillars of stability in an unpredictable financial terrain.

Conclusion

In stock investing, the pursuit of High Returns of Capital finds its anchor in the strategic artistry of Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger. While the ideal compounding machine remains a rarity, their wisdom illuminates a multifaceted approach.

Embracing businesses that deliver steady returns and leveraging flexible capital deployment within Berkshire Hathaway’s canvas, they forge a path where realism harmonizes with aspiration.

As investors navigate the landscape, the resounding lesson is clear: while compounding may be elusive, judicious capital utilization” and “sustained profitability” remain within reach. These two objectives in stock investing are a timeless strategy for financial success.

Mastering High Returns of Capital: Insights from Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger

[contact-form][contact-field label=”Name” type=”name” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Email” type=”email” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Website” type=”url” /][contact-field label=”Message” type=”textarea” /][/contact-form]

Smriti Mandhana – Biopic, Journey And About Personal Life

Smriti Mandhana’s cricketing journey is quite impressive. Here’s a brief overview of her history up until my knowledge cutoff date in September 2021:

History :

The Minister of State for Youth Affairs & Sports (Independent Charge) and Minority Affairs, Shri Kiren Rijiju conferring the Arjun Award to Ms. Smriti Mandhana (Cricket), in New Delhi on July 16, 2019.
  1. Early Life and Introduction to Cricket: Smriti Mandhana was born on July 18, 1996, in Mumbai, India, to a cricket-loving family. Her father and brother were also cricketers. She started playing cricket at a young age and showed great promise early on.
  2. Domestic Debut: She made her domestic debut for Maharashtra in the 2013-2014 season, and her performances quickly caught the attention of selectors.
  3. International Debut: Mandhana made her debut for the Indian women’s cricket team in April 2013, at the age of 16, against Bangladesh. She made an immediate impact with her aggressive batting style and technique.
  4. Breakthrough Year – 2016: Smriti had a breakthrough year in 2016. She scored her maiden international century against Australia in January and followed it up with good performances throughout the year. Her performances against England in the Women’s World T20 were particularly noteworthy.
  5. 2017 Women’s Cricket World Cup: Mandhana’s career reached new heights during the 2017 Women’s Cricket World Cup. She was one of the standout performers of the tournament, finishing as one of the leading run-scorers. Her performances played a significant role in India reaching the final of the tournament.
  6. Injuries and Comebacks: Mandhana faced setbacks due to injuries, including a major knee injury in 2018. However, she made strong comebacks each time and continued to perform well.
  7. International Recognition: Her consistent performances earned her various awards and accolades, including the Arjuna Award and ICC Women’s Cricketer of the Year in 2018.
  8. Participation in T20 Leagues: Mandhana also participated in T20 leagues like the Women’s Big Bash League (WBBL) in Australia and the Kia Super League (KSL) in England, showcasing her skills on the global stage.
  9. Role as an Opening Batswoman: Mandhana established herself as a key player in the Indian team as an opening batswoman known for her aggressive strokeplay. She brought a new dimension to women’s cricket in India with her dynamic style of play.
  10. Captaincy and Leadership: While she primarily focused on her batting, Mandhana occasionally took on leadership roles. She led the Indian team in the absence of regular captain Harmanpreet Kaur on a few occasions.
  11. Advocate for Women’s Cricket: Mandhana’s success and visibility helped raise the profile of women’s cricket in India. She became a role model for aspiring female cricketers and actively advocated for more support and recognition for the women’s game.

Please note that developments might have occurred in Smriti Mandhana’s career after September 2021, and I recommend checking more recent sources for the latest information about her.

Smriti Mandhana About:

Smriti Mandhana is an Indian cricketer who is widely recognized as one of the top female cricketers in the world. She was born on July 18, 1996, in Mumbai, India. Mandhana is a left-handed opening batter and also occasionally bowls right-arm medium pace.

She gained prominence through her performances in domestic and international cricket. She made her debut for the Indian women’s cricket team in April 2013. Her breakthrough came during the 2017 Women’s Cricket World Cup, where she was one of the leading run-scorers for the tournament. Her aggressive batting style and ability to consistently score runs have made her a key player for the Indian team.

Mandhana has also played in various domestic and T20 leagues around the world. She has represented teams in the Women’s Big Bash League (WBBL) in Australia and the Kia Super League (KSL) in England. Her performances in these leagues have further solidified her reputation as a top-notch player.

She has received several accolades for her performances, including the prestigious Arjuna Award, which she received in 2018, and the ICC Women’s Cricketer of the Year award in 2018. Smriti Mandhana is not only admired for her batting skills but also for her contribution to promoting women’s cricket and inspiring young female players in India.

Smriti Mandhana carrier :

As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, here is a summary of Smriti Mandhana’s cricket career up to that point:

Early Career:

  • Smriti Mandhana was born on July 18, 1996, in Mumbai, India.
  • She started playing cricket at a young age and was inspired by her cricket-loving family.
  • She made her domestic debut for Maharashtra in the 2013-2014 season and quickly gained attention for her batting prowess.

International Debut:

  • Mandhana made her debut for the Indian women’s cricket team in April 2013, at the age of 16, in an ODI against Bangladesh.
  • She made her T20I debut later the same year, further solidifying her place in the national team.

Rise to Prominence:

  • Smriti Mandhana gained widespread recognition during the 2016 Women’s World Twenty20, where she showcased her aggressive batting style.
  • In 2016, she scored her maiden ODI century against Australia.

2017 Women’s Cricket World Cup:

  • Mandhana played a pivotal role in India’s journey to the final of the 2017 Women’s Cricket World Cup.
  • She was one of the top run-scorers in the tournament and garnered praise for her performances.

Consistent Performances:

  • Over the years, Mandhana established herself as one of India’s premier batters, known for her powerful strokeplay and ability to adapt to different formats.

Injuries and Comebacks:

  • Mandhana faced injury setbacks at various points in her career, including a knee injury in 2018. However, she consistently made successful comebacks.

T20 Leagues:

  • She participated in T20 leagues such as the Women’s Big Bash League (WBBL) in Australia and the Kia Super League (KSL) in England, gaining experience and exposure in different cricketing environments.

Awards and Recognitions:

  • Smriti Mandhana received the Arjuna Award, a prestigious Indian sports award, in 2018.
  • She was named the ICC Women’s Cricketer of the Year in the same year, highlighting her impact on the global stage.

Captaincy and Leadership:

  • While Mandhana focused primarily on her batting, she occasionally took on leadership roles and captained the Indian team in the absence of regular captain Harmanpreet Kaur.

Advocate for Women’s Cricket:

  • Mandhana actively advocated for the promotion and better recognition of women’s cricket in India. She became a role model for aspiring female cricketers.

 

Smriti Mandhana, primarily known as a left-handed opening batter, has occasionally bowled right-arm medium pace in domestic cricket matches. However, her bowling contributions have been limited and infrequent in both domestic and international cricket.

As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, Mandhana’s bowling hasn’t been a significant part of her cricketing career. Her primary focus has been on her batting, and she is renowned for her aggressive style and ability to score runs consistently.

Smriti Mandhana is widely recognized for her exceptional batting skills in cricket. As an accomplished left-handed opening batter, her aggressive style and ability to score runs consistently have made her one of the key players in the Indian women’s cricket team. She has played a crucial role in various formats of the game, including One Day Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is).

Mandhana is known for her elegant strokeplay, timing, and ability to hit boundaries. She has a range of shots and can adapt her game to suit different formats and match situations. Her performances have earned her accolades, and she has been an integral part of the Indian team’s batting lineup

Smriti Mandhana bowling :

Smriti Mandhana, primarily known as a left-handed opening batter, has occasionally bowled right-arm medium pace in domestic cricket matches. However, her bowling contributions have been limited and infrequent in both domestic and international cricket.

Smriti Mandhana betting :

Smriti Mandhana is widely recognized for her exceptional batting skills in cricket. As an accomplished left-handed opening batter, her aggressive style and ability to score runs consistently have made her one of the key players in the Indian women’s cricket team. She has played a crucial role in various formats of the game, including One Day Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 Internationals (T20Is).

Mandhana is known for her elegant strokeplay, timing, and ability to hit boundaries. She has a range of shots and can adapt her game to suit different formats and match situations. Her performances have earned her accolades, and she has been an integral part of the Indian team’s batting lineup.

Smriti Mandhana family :

Smriti Mandhana was born into a cricket-loving family in Mumbai, India. Her family has played a significant role in shaping her cricketing journey. Her father, Shrinivas Mandhana, and her brother, Shravan Mandhana, are both cricketers. They have been supportive of Smriti’s cricket aspirations from an early age.

Smriti Mandhana’s family’s influence and encouragement have contributed to her passion for the sport and her development as a successful cricketer. However, due to the personal nature of their lives, specific details about her family might not be extensively available in the public domain.

Smriti Mandhana city :

Smriti Mandhana was born in Mumbai, which is a major city in the state of Maharashtra, India. Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra and is one of the most populous and influential cities in the country. It’s known for its vibrant culture, economic significance, and being a hub for the Indian film industry (Bollywood). Mumbai also has a strong cricket culture and has produced many renowned cricketers over the years.

Smriti Mandhana future planning :

However, based on her career trajectory and public statements, here are some general possibilities for her future planning:

  1. Continuing Cricket: Given her success and prominence in international cricket, it’s likely that Smriti Mandhana will continue playing cricket for both the Indian women’s cricket team and in various domestic and international leagues.
  2. Leadership Roles: Mandhana might aspire to take on more leadership responsibilities within the team, such as becoming a captain or vice-captain. Her experience and seniority could make her a potential candidate for such roles.
  3. Performance and Achievements: She might aim to further excel in her cricket career by achieving milestones like more centuries, high scores, and consistently being a top run-scorer in matches.
  4. Involvement in Women’s Cricket Promotion: Mandhana has been an advocate for the promotion of women’s cricket in India. She could continue to contribute to the growth of the sport by participating in initiatives that aim to develop and uplift women’s cricket at the grassroots level.
  5. Coaching or Mentorship: With her experience, Mandhana might consider coaching or mentoring younger players, passing on her knowledge and skills to the next generation of cricketers.
  6. Brand Endorsements and Philanthropy: Beyond cricket, she could explore opportunities in brand endorsements, contributing to philanthropic causes, and raising awareness about social issues.
  7. Education or Further Studies: If she decides to explore other aspects of her personal development, she might consider pursuing further education or courses related to cricket management, sports science, or other fields.
  8. Personal Life: Mandhana’s personal life and preferences will also play a role in shaping her future plans. This could include considerations related to family, lifestyle, and other personal goals.

It’s important to note that these are speculative possibilities, and the actual direction of Smriti Mandhana’s future plans might be different. For the most accurate and up-to-date information about her plans, I recommend following her official social media profiles or credible news sources.

Smriti Mandhana sibling :

Smriti Mandhana has a brother named Shravan Mandhana. He is also associated with cricket and has played the sport at a competitive level.

Smriti Mandhana coach :

Smriti Mandhana has been coached by various individuals throughout her cricketing journey. Some of the notable coaches who have played a role in her development include:

  1. Anant Tambvekar: Anant Tambvekar, her coach during her formative years in Maharashtra, played a significant role in shaping her cricketing skills and helping her progress in the sport.
  2. Tushar Arothe: Tushar Arothe, a former Indian cricketer, coached the Indian women’s cricket team during a period when Smriti Mandhana was a key player. Under his coaching, Mandhana continued to evolve and improve her game.
  3. Ramesh Powar: Ramesh Powar, another former Indian cricketer, has also been associated with coaching the Indian women’s cricket team. He worked with the team during Mandhana’s career and provided guidance to the players

Smriti Mandhana cricket startup journey :

  1. Family Influence: Born into a cricket-loving family in Mumbai, Mandhana’s father and brother were both cricketers. Their love for the sport and their involvement likely played a significant role in sparking her interest in cricket.
  2. Early Exposure: Mandhana’s father introduced her to cricket when she was just 2 years old. She started playing with plastic cricket sets, and her interest grew as she watched her father and brother play.
  3. Support and Training: Recognizing her potential, her family provided her with the necessary support and encouragement to pursue cricket seriously. She received coaching from Anant Tambvekar during her formative years in Maharashtra.
  4. Domestic Debut: Mandhana made her debut in domestic cricket at a young age, representing Maharashtra. She quickly gained attention for her batting skills and performances in various age-group tournaments.
  5. International Debut: She made her international debut for the Indian women’s cricket team in 2013, when she was just 16 years old. Her debut marked the beginning of her international career.
  6. Early Success: Mandhana’s talent was evident from the start of her international career. She impressed with her performances in both ODIs and T20Is, showcasing her aggressive batting style.
  7. 2017 Women’s Cricket World Cup: Her breakthrough came during the 2017 Women’s Cricket World Cup, where she played a crucial role in India’s journey to the final. Her performances during the tournament garnered widespread recognition.
  8. Consistency and Achievements: Over the years, Mandhana continued to be a pivotal player for the Indian team. Her consistent run-scoring, aggressive approach, and adaptability to different formats established her as a leading batter.
  9. Advocate for Women’s Cricket: Throughout her career, Mandhana actively advocated for the growth and recognition of women’s cricket in India. Her success served as an inspiration to young girls aspiring to play the sport.
  10. Participation in T20 Leagues: Mandhana also gained experience by participating in T20 leagues around the world, such as the Women’s Big Bash League (WBBL) in Australia and the Kia Super League (KSL) in England.
  11. Awards and Recognitions: She received awards like the Arjuna Award and ICC Women’s Cricketer of the Year for her outstanding performances and contributions to cricket.

Mandhana’s startup journey in cricket reflects her dedication, family support, and natural talent. Her success story has been an inspiration to many aspiring cricketers, particularly young girls, and has contributed to the growth of women’s cricket in India.

Smriti Mandhana father :

Smriti Mandhana’s father is named Shrinivas Mandhana. He has been an influential figure in her early cricketing journey. He introduced her to the sport of cricket at a very young age, and his passion for the game played a significant role in sparking her interest and nurturing her talent. Shrinivas Mandhana’s support and encouragement, along with the support of her family, helped Smriti Mandhana pursue her cricketing aspirations and eventually become a successful cricketer on the international stage.

UP-TO-DATE :

As of my last knowledge update in September 2021, Smriti Mandhana is primarily known as a left-handed opening batter in cricket. While she has occasionally bowled right-arm medium pace in domestic matches, her primary role in the Indian women’s cricket team and most of her performances have been as a batswoman.

Her bowling contributions have been quite limited, and she hasn’t been a regular bowler for the team. If there have been any significant changes in her bowling role or statistics since September 2021, I would recommend checking more recent and up-to-date sources for the latest information.

Youtube Channel – https://www.youtube.com/@TradeWithAkanksha/videos 

[contact-form][contact-field label=”Name” type=”name” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Email” type=”email” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Website” type=”url” /][contact-field label=”Message” type=”textarea” /][/contact-form]

INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGY

INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGY

 

 

 

 

 

Follow On Youtube :- @tradewithakanksha

INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGY  Intraday trading in the stock market involves buying and selling stocks within the same trading day, with the aim of profiting from short-term price movements. Intraday traders capitalize on price fluctuations that occur over a short period, and they typically close their positions before the trading session ends. Here are some key aspects of intraday stock market trading:

Creating a 100% unique and profitable intraday trading strategy is a challenging task, and it’s important to note that there’s no guaranteed formula for success in trading. Successful trading requires a combination of knowledge, experience, discipline, and risk management. While I can offer some general principles, keep in mind that no strategy is foolproof, and it’s essential to thoroughly test any strategy before implementing it with real capital.

Here are some steps to consider while developing an intraday trading strategy:

  1. Market Research and Education:
    • Understand the basics of the stock market, trading terminology, and different types of securities.
    • Study technical analysis, chart patterns, indicators, and candlestick patterns.
    • Familiarize yourself with fundamental analysis, news, and economic indicators.
  2. Risk Management:
    • Determine how much capital you’re willing to risk on each trade.
    • Set strict stop-loss orders to limit potential losses.
    • Calculate position sizes based on your risk tolerance and stop-loss levels.
  3. Timeframe Selection:
    • Choose the intraday timeframe that suits your style (e.g., minutes, hours).
    • Analyze how price moves within that timeframe and adjust your strategy accordingly.
  4. Strategy Development:
    • Consider a combination of technical and fundamental analysis.
    • Develop entry and exit rules based on your chosen indicators, patterns, and market conditions.
    • Test various indicators and patterns to identify what works best in your chosen timeframe.
  5. Backtesting:
    • Test your strategy on historical data to see how it would have performed in the past.
    • Adjust and refine the strategy based on the backtesting results.
  6. Paper Trading or Demo Trading:
    • Implement your strategy in a simulated environment without real money.
    • Monitor its performance and make adjustments if necessary.
  7. Real-Time Testing:
    • Implement your strategy in real-time trading with a small amount of capital.
    • Analyze its performance under live market conditions.
  8. Continuous Learning and Adaptation:
    • Markets change, and strategies that work today may not work tomorrow.
    • Continuously learn from your trades and adapt your strategy based on market dynamics.
  9. Psychological Discipline:
    • Emotions can cloud judgment. Stick to your strategy and avoid impulsive decisions.
  10. Review and Improvement:
    • Regularly review your trading results and learn from both successful and unsuccessful trades.
    • Continuously improve your strategy based on your trading experience.

INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGY  It’s important to emphasize that no strategy can guarantee 100% success, and trading involves risks. Be cautious of anyone promising “surefire” strategies. Developing a profitable strategy takes time, practice, and a willingness to learn from both wins and losses. If you’re new to trading, consider seeking advice from experienced traders or professionals before investing your capital.

 

 

Certainly, INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGY   here are a few intraday trading strategies that traders commonly use. Remember that the effectiveness of any strategy depends on your knowledge, risk tolerance, market conditions, and thorough testing. These strategies can be adapted to different market environments and timeframes:

  1. Breakout Strategy:
    • Identify key support and resistance levels.
    • When the price breaks above resistance or below support with increased volume, enter a trade in the direction of the breakout.
    • Use stop-loss orders below support (for long trades) or above resistance (for short trades).
  2. Trend Following Strategy:
    • Identify a prevailing trend using moving averages, trendlines, or other trend indicators.
    • Enter trades in the direction of the trend (buy in an uptrend, sell in a downtrend).
    • Use trendline breaks or moving average crossovers as entry/exit signals.
  3. Mean Reversion Strategy:
    • Identify overbought and oversold conditions using oscillators like the Relative Strength Index (RSI) or Stochastic Oscillator.
    • Enter trades when the oscillator moves into extreme areas and shows signs of reversal.
  4. Moving Average Crossover Strategy:
    • Use two moving averages of different periods (e.g., 50-period and 200-period).
    • Buy when the shorter moving average crosses above the longer moving average, and sell when it crosses below.
  5. Range Trading Strategy:
    • Identify a trading range where price oscillates between support and resistance.
    • Buy near support and sell near resistance, aiming to profit from price reversals.
  6. Pivot Points Strategy:
    • Calculate daily pivot points (support and resistance levels) based on the previous day’s price action.
    • Trade breakouts above resistance or below support levels.
  7. Scalping Strategy:
    • Execute multiple trades throughout the day with small price movements.
    • Focus on high liquidity and low spread assets.
    • Keep trades open for very short periods.
  8. News-Based Strategy:
    • Monitor economic calendars and news releases that could impact market sentiment.
    • Trade in the direction of the news impact, considering short-term price reactions.
  9. Pattern-Based Strategy:
    • Identify chart patterns like flags, triangles, and rectangles.
    • Trade when price breaks out of the pattern with confirmation.
  10. Volatility-Based Strategy:
    • Trade during periods of increased market volatility.
    • Use strategies that profit from quick price movements, such as straddles or strangles.

INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGY  Remember that while these strategies provide a framework, there is no one-size-fits-all solution. Successful intraday trading requires discipline, practice, continuous learning, and adapting strategies to changing market conditions. It’s recommended to paper trade or use a demo account to test strategies before committing real capital. Additionally, consider risk management as a priority to preserve your trading capital.

Follow On Youtube :-https://youtu.be/WD1Y4p56CYo?si=JfMDbV9WnFK36B1D

INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGY    Intraday trading in the stock market involves buying and selling stocks within the same trading day, with the aim of profiting from short-term price movements. Intraday traders capitalize on price fluctuations that occur over a short period, and they typically close their positions before the trading session ends. Here are some key aspects of intraday stock market trading:

  1. Timeframe: Intraday trading focuses on short-term timeframes, such as minutes, hours, or a single trading day. Positions are not held overnight.
  2. Goals: Traders aim to make profits by exploiting short-term price movements. They might engage in multiple trades throughout the day.
  3. Technical Analysis: Intraday traders often rely on technical analysis to identify patterns, trends, and potential entry and exit points. Technical indicators, chart patterns, and volume analysis are commonly used.
  4. Liquidity: Traders often target stocks with high trading volume and liquidity to ensure they can enter and exit positions without significant price slippage.
  5. Risk Management: Managing risk is crucial. Traders use stop-loss orders to limit potential losses and avoid risking too much of their capital on a single trade.
  6. News and Events: Market news, earnings reports, economic indicators, and geopolitical events can impact stock prices intraday. Traders need to stay informed about relevant events.
  7. Psychological Discipline: Intraday trading can be fast-paced and emotionally challenging. Traders must manage emotions like fear and greed and stick to their trading plan.
  8. Entry and Exit Strategies: Traders develop strategies for entering and exiting positions based on technical analysis, patterns, and indicators.
  9. Market Monitoring: Intraday traders closely monitor the market using real-time data feeds, trading platforms, and news sources.
  10. Volatility: Intraday traders often seek stocks with sufficient volatility, as larger price movements offer more profit opportunities.
  11. Transaction Costs: Frequent trading can lead to higher transaction costs due to commissions and fees. Traders must factor these costs into their strategies.
  12. Pattern Recognition: Identifying recurring patterns in stock price movements can be helpful for making trading decisions.

INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGYIt’s important to note that while intraday trading can offer potential profits, it also carries risks due to the fast-paced nature of the market and short holding periods. Success in intraday trading requires a deep understanding of the markets, technical analysis techniques, risk management, and the ability to adapt to rapidly changing conditions. If you’re new to intraday trading, consider starting with a demo account to practice and refine your strategies before using real money.

INTRADAY 100% UNIQUE AND PROFITABLE STRATEGY Trading with a short time frame requires quick decision-making, a keen understanding of market dynamics, and efficient execution. Here are some strategies suitable for very short-term intraday trading:

  1. Scalping:
    • Scalping involves making numerous quick trades throughout the day to capture small price movements.
    • Traders focus on assets with high liquidity and low spreads.
    • Scalpers aim to profit from small price changes and close positions rapidly, often within minutes.
  2. Day Trading Chart Patterns:
    • Identify intraday chart patterns like flags, triangles, and pennants.
    • Trade breakouts or breakdowns from these patterns with tight stop-loss orders.
  3. Fading:
    • Fading involves trading against short-term price trends.
    • Look for overbought or oversold conditions and trade in the opposite direction when the price shows signs of reversal.
  4. News-Based Trading:
    • React to breaking news or economic releases that cause significant short-term price movements.
    • Trade in the direction of the news impact.
  5. Scalping with Moving Averages:
    • Use short-term moving averages (e.g., 5-period and 10-period) to identify quick trends.
    • Buy when the shorter moving average crosses above the longer one, and sell when it crosses below.
  6. Momentum Trading:
    • Identify stocks with strong short-term momentum.
    • Trade in the direction of the momentum, aiming to capture quick price bursts.
  7. Market Open and Close Strategies:
    • Focus on the opening and closing minutes of the trading day, as these periods often see increased volatility.
    • Trade price gaps or quick reversals during these times.
  8. Volume-Based Strategies:
    • Trade stocks with unusual trading volume, as this can indicate short-term price movements.
    • Look for volume spikes and trade in the direction of the spike.
  9. Time-Based Trades:
    • Execute trades based on specific times of the trading day when volatility tends to increase.
  10. Arbitrage Opportunities:
    • Look for price discrepancies between different exchanges or trading platforms.
    • Capitalize on quick arbitrage opportunities to capture small price differences.

Remember that trading on very short time frames requires discipline, focus, and quick execution. Due to the fast-paced nature of these strategies, it’s important to practice them in a simulated environment or with a demo account before trading with real money. Additionally, ensure that your chosen broker provides fast order execution and a reliable trading platform to support your short-term trading activities.

[contact-form][contact-field label=”Name” type=”name” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Email” type=”email” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Website” type=”url” /][contact-field label=”Message” type=”textarea” /][/contact-form]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Intraday 98% Daily Accurate Calls Never Loss Again In Stock Market

 Intraday 98% Daily Accurate Calls Never Loss

    Again In Stock Market

 

 

Follow On Youtube :- @tradewithakanksha

Intraday 98% Daily Accurate Calls Never Loss Again In Stock Market  Certainly, intraday trading refers to a trading strategy in which market participants buy and sell financial instruments, such as stocks, within the same trading day. Intraday traders aim to profit from short-term price movements, taking advantage of price fluctuations that occur within the span of a single trading session. Positions are typically closed before the market closes for the day, which means intraday traders do not hold their positions overnight.

Here are some key characteristics and considerations of intraday trading:

  1. Timeframe: Intraday trading focuses on short-term timeframes, ranging from a few minutes to a few hours. Traders aim to capitalize on price movements that occur during the trading day.
  2. Liquidity: Intraday traders often focus on highly liquid assets, such as actively traded stocks or major currency pairs. High liquidity helps ensure that traders can enter and exit positions without significant price slippage.
  3. Risk Management: Since intraday trading involves quick trades and short holding periods, risk management is crucial. Traders often set stop-loss orders to limit potential losses and determine position sizes based on their risk tolerance.
  4. Technical Analysis: Many intraday traders rely on technical analysis to identify patterns, trends, and potential entry and exit points. Technical indicators, chart patterns, and price action analysis are commonly used tools.
  5. Volatility: Intraday traders often seek markets or securities with sufficient volatility, as larger price movements offer more trading opportunities. However, higher volatility also brings increased risk.
  6. Market Monitoring: Intraday traders need to monitor the market closely throughout the trading day. They may use real-time data feeds, trading platforms, and news sources to stay informed about market developments.
  7. Psychology: Intraday trading requires discipline and emotional control. Quick decisions and rapid price changes can lead to emotional reactions, so traders must manage their psychology effectively.
  8. Costs: Frequent trading can lead to higher transaction costs due to commissions and fees associated with each trade. Traders should factor in these costs when determining their profit targets.
  9. Pattern Day Trading Rules: In the United States, the SEC has established rules for pattern day traders who execute more than three day trades within a rolling five-day period. These rules require traders to maintain a minimum account balance.

Intraday 98% Daily Accurate Calls Never Loss Again In Stock Market  It’s important to note that intraday trading can be highly rewarding but also carries substantial risks. Success requires a deep understanding of the markets, trading strategies, risk management techniques, and the ability to adapt to rapidly changing conditions. Many traders opt for a combination of intraday and longer-term strategies to diversify their trading approaches and manage risk.

 

 

Swing calls” generally refer to trading or investment recommendations, often provided by analysts or experts, suggesting potential buy or sell opportunities in the stock market. The term “swing” indicates a shorter time frame than long-term investing, but longer than intraday trading. Swing trading involves holding positions for several days or weeks, aiming to capture price movements within a trend.

Here are some key points about swing calls and swing trading:

  1. Swing Calls: A “swing call” is a recommendation or suggestion made by market analysts or experts regarding specific stocks or assets that are expected to experience price swings or movements. These calls provide insights on potential entry and exit points for traders or investors interested in capturing short-to-medium-term price changes.
  2. Trend-Based: Swing trading is often based on identifying and capitalizing on trends. Traders aim to enter positions when they expect a price trend to begin and exit when the trend is expected to reverse.
  3. Technical Analysis: Swing traders frequently use technical analysis tools, such as chart patterns, technical indicators, and support/resistance levels, to make trading decisions and determine entry and exit points.
  4. Position Holding: Unlike intraday trading, swing traders hold positions for more than a single trading session. The holding period can range from a few days to a few weeks.
  5. Risk Management: Risk management remains crucial in swing trading. Traders use stop-loss orders to limit potential losses and position sizing techniques to manage risk.
  6. Volatility: Swing traders often seek assets with moderate volatility, as significant price movements within a short time frame can offer profit opportunities.
  7. Market Analysis: Market news, economic data releases, and geopolitical events can influence swing trades. Traders may adjust their positions based on these external factors.
  8. Psychological Aspects: Like any form of trading, swing trading requires emotional discipline and control. Traders need to manage psychological responses to price fluctuations.
  9. Costs and Fees: Trading costs, including commissions and fees, need to be factored into swing trading strategies to ensure they don’t erode potential profits.

Intraday 98% Daily Accurate Calls Never Loss Again In Stock Market  It’s important to note that while swing trading can offer a balance between the shorter-term nature of intraday trading and the longer-term focus of traditional investing, it still carries risks. Successful swing trading requires a combination of technical and fundamental analysis skills, a robust trading plan, effective risk management, and an understanding of the specific dynamics of the assets being traded. As with any trading or investment approach, proper education and practice are essential.

 

Providing accurate intraday trading calls involves a deep understanding of the market, analysis, and a solid trading strategy. However, it’s important to note that no trading strategy or service can guarantee 100% accuracy, as the stock market involves inherent risks and uncertainties. If you’re seeking intraday trading calls, here are some steps to consider:

  1. Education: Before following any trading calls, educate yourself about the stock market, different trading strategies, technical and fundamental analysis, and risk management.
  2. Research: Choose reliable sources for trading calls. Look for reputable financial news websites, professional traders, or analysts who provide insights backed by data and analysis.
  3. Technical Analysis: Many intraday traders rely on technical analysis, using indicators, chart patterns, and price action to make trading decisions. Familiarize yourself with these tools and how they can help identify potential entry and exit points.
  4. Risk Management: This is crucial. Only invest or trade with money you can afford to lose. Set stop-loss orders to limit potential losses on each trade.
  5. Paper Trading: Practice your trading strategy without real money using a paper trading platform. This helps you gain confidence and refine your strategy without risking capital.
  6. Consistency: Stick to a consistent strategy. Avoid making impulsive decisions based on emotions or short-term fluctuations.
  7. Demo Accounts: Many brokers offer demo accounts that allow you to practice trading in real market conditions without real money. This can help you test your strategy.
  8. Start Small: Begin with a small trading capital and gradually increase it as you gain experience and confidence.
  9. Trading Plan: Create a detailed trading plan that outlines your strategy, risk tolerance, entry and exit criteria, and more.
  10. Track Records: Keep a record of your trades, including reasons for entry and exit, profit or loss, and lessons learned.
  11. Avoid Overtrading: Overtrading can lead to emotional decisions and increased transaction costs. Stick to your plan and avoid excessive trading.
  12. Stay Informed: Be aware of economic events, earnings reports, and other news that might impact the stocks you’re trading.

Remember that no trading strategy can guarantee profits, and losses are a natural part of trading. It’s important to approach intraday trading with caution, patience, and a willingness to learn from both successes and failures. If you’re new to trading, consider seeking guidance from experienced traders or professionals before making trading decisions.

Providing accurate intraday trading calls involves a deep understanding of the market, analysis, and a solid trading strategy. However, it’s important to note that no trading strategy or service can guarantee 100% accuracy, as the stock market involves inherent risks and uncertainties. If you’re seeking intraday trading calls, here are some steps to consider:

  1. Education: Before following any trading calls, educate yourself about the stock market, different trading strategies, technical and fundamental analysis, and risk management.
  2. Research: Choose reliable sources for trading calls. Look for reputable financial news websites, professional traders, or analysts who provide insights backed by data and analysis.
  3. Technical Analysis: Many intraday traders rely on technical analysis, using indicators, chart patterns, and price action to make trading decisions. Familiarize yourself with these tools and how they can help identify potential entry and exit points.
  4. Risk Management: This is crucial. Only invest or trade with money you can afford to lose. Set stop-loss orders to limit potential losses on each trade.
  5. Paper Trading: Practice your trading strategy without real money using a paper trading platform. This helps you gain confidence and refine your strategy without risking capital.
  6. Consistency: Stick to a consistent strategy. Avoid making impulsive decisions based on emotions or short-term fluctuations.
  7. Demo Accounts: Many brokers offer demo accounts that allow you to practice trading in real market conditions without real money. This can help you test your strategy.
  8. Start Small: Begin with a small trading capital and gradually increase it as you gain experience and confidence.
  9. Trading Plan: Create a detailed trading plan that outlines your strategy, risk tolerance, entry and exit criteria, and more.
  10. Track Records: Keep a record of your trades, including reasons for entry and exit, profit or loss, and lessons learned.
  11. Avoid Overtrading: Overtrading can lead to emotional decisions and increased transaction costs. Stick to your plan and avoid excessive trading.
  12. Stay Informed: Be aware of economic events, earnings reports, and other news that might impact the stocks you’re trading.

Intraday 98% Daily Accurate Calls Never Loss Again In Stock Market  Remember that no trading strategy can guarantee profits, and losses are a natural part of trading. It’s important to approach intraday trading with caution, patience, and a willingness to learn from both successes and failures. If you’re new to trading, consider seeking guidance from experienced traders or professionals before making trading decisions.

Providing accurate intraday trading calls involves a deep understanding of the market, analysis, and a solid trading strategy. However, it’s important to note that no trading strategy or service can guarantee 100% accuracy, as the stock market involves inherent risks and uncertainties. If you’re seeking intraday trading calls, here are some steps to consider: Intraday 98% Daily Accurate Calls Never Loss Again In Stock Market

  1. Education: Before following any trading calls, educate yourself about the stock market, different trading strategies, technical and fundamental analysis, and risk management.
  2. Research: Choose reliable sources for trading calls. Look for reputable financial news websites, professional traders, or analysts who provide insights backed by data and analysis.
  3. Technical Analysis: Many intraday traders rely on technical analysis, using indicators, chart patterns, and price action to make trading decisions. Familiarize yourself with these tools and how they can help identify potential entry and exit points.
  4. Risk Management: This is crucial. Only invest or trade with money you can afford to lose. Set stop-loss orders to limit potential losses on each trade.
  5. Paper Trading: Practice your trading strategy without real money using a paper trading platform. This helps you gain confidence and refine your strategy without risking capital.
  6. Consistency: Stick to a consistent strategy. Avoid making impulsive decisions based on emotions or short-term fluctuations.
  7. Demo Accounts: Many brokers offer demo accounts that allow you to practice trading in real market conditions without real money. This can help you test your strategy.
  8. Start Small: Begin with a small trading capital and gradually increase it as you gain experience and confidence.
  9. Trading Plan: Create a detailed trading plan that outlines your strategy, risk tolerance, entry and exit criteria, and more.
  10. Track Records: Keep a record of your trades, including reasons for entry and exit, profit or loss, and lessons learned.
  11. Avoid Overtrading: Overtrading can lead to emotional decisions and increased transaction costs. Stick to your plan and avoid excessive trading.
  12. Stay Informed: Be aware of economic events, earnings reports, and other news that might impact the stocks you’re trading.

 

Intraday 98% Daily Accurate Calls Never Loss Again In Stock Market Remember that no trading strategy can guarantee profits, and losses are a natural part of trading. It’s important to approach intraday trading with caution, patience, and a willingness to learn from both successes and failures. If you’re new to trading, consider seeking guidance from experienced traders or professionals before making trading decisions.

[contact-form][contact-field label=”Name” type=”name” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Email” type=”email” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Website” type=”url” /][contact-field label=”Message” type=”textarea” /][/contact-form]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market?

Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners

Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market? Making money in the stock market requires a combination of knowledge, research, strategy, discipline, and risk management.  market While there is no guaranteed way to make money in the stock market

 

                      Algorithmic trading (ALGO trading) refers to the use of computer algorithms to automate trading decisions and executions in financial markets. Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market? These algorithms can be based on various strategies, each with its own goals and characteristics. Here are some common algorithmic trading strategies:

  1. Trend Following: This strategy involves identifying and trading in the direction of prevailing market trends. Algorithms analyze historical price data to identify upward or downward trends. When a trend is identified, the algorithm executes trades in the direction of the trend. Moving averages, trendlines, and other technical indicators are often used to determine trend direction and entry/exit points.
  2. Mean Reversion: Mean reversion strategies are based on the idea that asset prices tend to revert to their historical average over time. Algorithms monitor deviations from the mean and execute trades when prices move too far away from the average. This strategy assumes that extreme price movements will eventually reverse.
  3. Arbitrage: Arbitrage strategies take advantage of price discrepancies for the same asset across different markets or exchanges. Algorithms identify price differentials and execute trades to profit from these discrepancies before they are corrected.
  4. Statistical Arbitrage: This strategy involves trading pairs of assets based on their statistical relationship. Algorithms look for patterns in historical price data, such as co-movements or spreads between two related assets. When deviations occur from the established statistical relationship, the algorithm executes trades to capitalize on the expected convergence.
  5. Market Making: Market-making algorithms provide liquidity to the market by placing both buy and sell orders for a specific asset. The goal is to profit from the spread between the bid and ask prices. These algorithms continuously adjust their quotes based on market conditions to maintain a balance between buying and selling.
  6. Sentiment Analysis: Sentiment analysis algorithms monitor news, social media, and other sources to gauge market sentiment. Positive or negative sentiment can influence asset prices. These algorithms attempt to predict market movements based on the prevailing sentiment.
  7. High-Frequency Trading (HFT): HFT strategies involve executing a large number of trades at very high speeds. Algorithms analyze market data and execute trades in fractions of a second to profit from small price discrepancies. This strategy requires powerful technology and low-latency connections.
  8. Machine Learning and AI-Based Strategies: Algorithms using machine learning and artificial intelligence analyze vast amounts of data to identify patterns and make predictions. These strategies can adapt to changing market conditions and learn from past performance.
  9. Pairs Trading: Pairs trading involves trading a pair of correlated assets. Algorithms identify deviations in the relationship between the two assets and execute trades to capitalize on these deviations. When the relationship normalizes, profits are made.
  10. Volatility Trading: Volatility-based strategies focus on exploiting fluctuations in market volatility. Algorithms use volatility indicators to identify periods of high or low volatility and adjust trading strategies accordingly.

Remember that algorithmic trading involves risk, and not all strategies will be profitable in all market conditions. Algo Trading Stratagies Successful algorithmic trading requires careful strategy development, robust testing, risk management, and continuous monitoring and adjustment. Additionally, regulatory and ethical considerations are important when deploying algorithmic trading strategies.

 

 

                                                                           Follow On Youtube :- @tradewithakanksha

                                                                            How to Make Money in Share Market?

 

Making money in the stock market requires a combination of knowledge, research, strategy, discipline, and risk management.  how to make money in stock market While there is no guaranteed way to make money in the stock market, here are some steps and tips that can help you increase your chances of success:

  1. Education and Research: Start by learning about the basics of the stock market, different investment instruments (stocks, bonds, ETFs, etc.), and how markets work. Understanding financial statements, market trends, and economic indicators will be valuable.
  2. Set Clear Goals: Determine your investment goals and risk tolerance. Are you looking for short-term gains or long-term growth? Different strategies align with different goals.
  3. Develop a Strategy: Based on your goals, develop an investment strategy. This might involve choosing between value investing, growth investing, dividend investing, or a combination of strategies.
  4. Diversification: Don’t put all your money into a single stock. Diversify your portfolio across different sectors and industries to reduce risk. Consider diversifying across asset classes as well, including stocks, bonds, and other investment vehicles.
  5. Research and Analysis: Before investing in a stock, thoroughly research the company’s financials, management, industry trends, and competitive landscape. Technical analysis (price and volume patterns) and fundamental analysis (financial data) can both provide insights.
  6. Long-Term Perspective: While there’s potential for short-term gains, a long-term perspective often yields better results. Over time, the stock market tends to reward patient investors.
  7. Risk Management: Only invest money you can afford to lose. Set stop-loss orders to limit potential losses. Avoid investing on a whim or based solely on emotions.
  8. Stay Informed: Keep up with financial news, economic indicators, and company announcements that could impact your investments.
  9. Avoid Herd Mentality: Just because everyone is investing in a certain stock doesn’t mean it’s the right choice. Avoid making decisions solely based on what others are doing.
  10. Control Emotions: Fear and greed can drive poor investment decisions. Stick to your strategy and don’t let emotions dictate your trades.
  11. Consider Dollar-Cost Averaging: Instead of investing a lump sum all at once, consider spreading your investments over time through dollar-cost averaging. This can help reduce the impact of market volatility.
  12. Utilize Investment Vehicles: Consider using investment vehicles like exchange-traded funds (ETFs) or mutual funds that offer exposure to a diversified portfolio.
  13. Stay Patient: The stock market goes through ups and downs. It’s important to stay patient and not panic during market downturns.
  14. Learn from Mistakes: It’s possible that you’ll make investment mistakes along the way. Learn from them and adapt your strategy accordingly.
  15. Consult Professionals: If you’re unsure about investing, consider seeking advice from financial advisors who can provide personalized guidance based on your financial situation and goals.

Remember that the stock market involves risk, and there are no guaranteed. How to Make Money in Share Market It’s important to approach investing with a realistic mindset and a willingness to learn and adapt. Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market?

 

 

 

                                                      Follow On Youtube :- https://youtu.be/7h5jTdSGgjA?si=_eyOlN4JTdQQ_eD3

Algorithmic trading (Algo trading) involves using computer algorithms to automate the process of making trading decisions and executing trades in financial markets. This approach relies on predefined rules and strategies to determine when to buy, sell, or hold financial instruments like stocks, currencies, commodities, or derivatives. Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market?

Here are the basic steps involved in algo trading:

  1. Strategy Development: Begin by defining your trading strategy. This could be based on technical indicators, fundamental analysis, quantitative models, or a combination of factors. The strategy should include specific entry and exit criteria.
  2. Coding the Algorithm: Write a computer program or algorithm that implements your trading strategy. This program should take into account market data, such as price, volume, and other relevant information, and use it to make trading decisions.
  3. Backtesting: Before deploying your algorithm in real-time, test it using historical market data to see how it would have performed in the past. This helps identify potential flaws or weaknesses in the strategy.
  4. Optimization: Based on the results of backtesting, you might need to fine-tune your algorithm. This could involve adjusting parameters, refining rules, or changing the strategy altogether to improve performance.
  5. Risk Management: Implement risk management techniques within your algorithm to limit potential losses. This might involve setting stop-loss orders, position sizing rules, or other safeguards.
  6. Execution: Once you’re satisfied with the performance during backtesting, deploy the algorithm in real-time trading. The algorithm will continuously monitor market data and execute trades according to the predefined strategy.
  7. Monitoring and Maintenance: Regularly monitor the algorithm’s performance and make necessary adjustments as market conditions change. Algorithms might need updating to adapt to new trends or unexpected events.
  8. Market Connectivity: Establish a connection to a trading platform or exchange that allows your algorithm to execute trades. This might involve using APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) provided by the exchange.
  9. Data Feed Integration: Algorithms require accurate and up-to-date market data to function effectively. Integrate a reliable data feed that provides the necessary information for your trading strategy.
  10. Regulatory Compliance: Ensure that your algorithmic trading activities comply with relevant regulations and rules set by regulatory authorities. Some regions have specific requirements for algorithmic trading.
  11. Testing in Simulated Environments: Before deploying an algorithm in real trading, consider testing it in a simulated or paper-trading environment to gain more confidence in its performance without risking real capital.
  12. Continuous Learning: The market is dynamic and constantly evolving. Stay informed about market trends, new strategies, and changes in market conditions to adapt your algorithm accordingly.

It’s important to note that algorithmic trading carries risks, and not all strategies will be profitable in all market conditions. Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners  Moreover, technical glitches or unforeseen events can impact algorithmic trading systems. It’s advisable to start with small capital and gradually increase exposure as you gain more experience and confidence in your algorithmic trading strategy.

Algorithmic options trading refers to the use of automated computer programs to execute trading strategies involving options contracts. Options are financial derivatives that give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset at a predetermined price (strike price) within a specified time period.

 

 

                                                                                 Algo Trading

                                                                               Follow On Youtube :- @tradewithakanksha

     Algorithmic trading involves writing algorithms that can analyze market data, identify trading opportunities, and execute trades without human intervention. Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market?  Here’s a basic overview of how algorithmic options trading works:

  1. Data Collection: Algorithms collect real-time market data, including options prices, underlying asset prices, volatility, trading volume, and other relevant information.
  2. Strategy Development: Traders and programmers develop trading strategies based on specific criteria, such as technical indicators, price patterns, volatility levels, and fundamental analysis. The algorithm’s decision-making process is programmed based on these strategies.
  3. Algorithm Implementation: The trading algorithm processes the collected data and generates trading signals. These signals indicate when to buy or sell options contracts based on the chosen strategy.
  4. Risk Management: Risk management rules are integrated into the algorithm to control the size of trades, limit potential losses, and protect the trading capital. This can involve setting stop-loss orders, position size limits, and other safeguards.
  5. Trade Execution: Once a trading signal is generated, the algorithm automatically executes the corresponding trade. This can involve buying or selling options contracts on various exchanges.
  6. Monitoring and Adjustment: Algorithms continuously monitor the market and the performance of open trades. If market conditions change or the trade is not performing as expected, the algorithm may adjust the trade or exit positions.

Benefits of Algorithmic Options Trading:

  1. Speed and Efficiency: Algorithms can execute trades much faster than human traders, taking advantage of fleeting opportunities in the options market.
  2. Elimination of Emotions: Algorithms trade based on predefined rules, removing emotions from the decision-making process and reducing the impact of impulsive decisions.
  3. Backtesting: Algorithms can be tested on historical data to assess their performance before being deployed in real-time trading.
  4. 24/7 Trading: Algorithms can trade around the clock, reacting to market developments even when human traders are not available.
  5. Diversification: Algorithms can manage multiple trades simultaneously across different options contracts and strategies.

Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market?  However, it’s important to note that algorithmic trading carries its own risks and challenges, such as technical glitches, sudden market changes, and over-optimization of strategies. Traders need to have a deep understanding of options markets, trading strategies, and programming to effectively design, implement, and manage algorithmic options trading systems. Additionally, proper risk management is crucial to protect capital and prevent large losses.

 

 

                                                                     Algo Option Trading

              algo-trading-strategy-for-beginners-how-to-make-money-in-share-market

Certainly, there are various trading strategies that can be employed in algorithmic options trading. The choice of strategy depends on your risk tolerance, market outlook, and the specific options you are trading. Algo Trading Strategy Here are a few common options trading strategies that can be automated:

  1. Covered Call Strategy:
    • Buy the underlying asset.
    • Sell a call option on that asset.
    • Generates income from the option premium.
    • Reduces the cost basis of the underlying asset.
  2. Protective Put Strategy:
    • Buy the underlying asset.
    • Buy a put option on that asset.
    • Acts as insurance against a potential price drop in the underlying asset.
    • Limits potential losses.
  3. Straddle Strategy:
    • Buy a call option and a put option with the same strike price and expiration date.
    • Beneficial when expecting a significant price movement but uncertain about the direction.
    • Profits from volatility.
  4. Strangle Strategy:
    • Similar to the straddle, but with different strike prices for the call and put options.
    • Suitable when expecting price movement but unsure about its extent or direction.
    • Also profits from volatility.
  5. Iron Condor Strategy:
    • Sell an out-of-the-money call option and an out-of-the-money put option.
    • Simultaneously buy a higher out-of-the-money call option and a lower out-of-the-money put option.
    • Profits from low volatility and sideways market movements.
  6. Butterfly Spread Strategy:
    • Involves three strike prices: one lower, one higher, and one in the middle.
    • Buy one call option at the lower strike, buy one call option at the higher strike, and sell two call options at the middle strike.
    • Limited risk, limited reward strategy often used when expecting very low volatility.
  7. Calendar Spread Strategy:
    • Involves options with the same strike price but different expiration dates.
    • Buy a longer-dated option and simultaneously sell a shorter-dated option.
    • Profits from time decay and potential volatility changes.
  8. Ratio Spread Strategy:
    • Involves buying and selling options in a specific ratio.
    • Can be used to profit from volatility or price movements in a certain direction.
  9. Credit Spread Strategy:
    • Sell one option and simultaneously buy another option with a further out-of-the-money strike.
    • Collect a credit, which is the difference in premiums between the two options.
    • Profits from time decay and a decrease in volatility.
  10. Debit Spread Strategy:
    • Similar to a credit spread, but you pay a debit to establish the position.
    • Used to reduce the cost of purchasing options.

These are just a few examples of options trading strategies. Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market? Each strategy has its own risk-reward profile, and the choice of strategy should align with your trading goals, market outlook, and risk tolerance. When automating these strategies, it’s important to thoroughly test them using historical data and to implement proper risk management techniques to protect your capital.

Algo Trading Strategy for Beginners | How to Make Money in Share Market?

[contact-form][contact-field label=”Name” type=”name” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Email” type=”email” required=”true” /][contact-field label=”Website” type=”url” /][contact-field label=”Message” type=”textarea” /][/contact-form]

 

Option Trading For Beginners 2023 | Earn ₹8000 Daily | Option Trading Free Tips ||

Option Trading For Beginners 2023

 

Options Trading For Beginners strategies are pre-defined combinations of buying and selling options contracts with the aim of achieving specific trading objectives. There are numerous options strategies available, and each serves a particular purpose depending on the trader’s market outlook and risk tolerance. Here are some commonly used options strategies:

  1. Covered Call: In this strategy, an investor who owns the underlying asset (e.g., stock) sells a call option against it. The call option provides income from the premium received but limits potential upside gains if the stock’s price rises above the option’s strike price.
  2. Protective Put (Married Put): This strategy involves buying a put option on an owned asset as insurance against potential price declines. If the asset’s price falls, the put option provides protection, limiting losses.
  3. Long Call: Buying a call option allows an investor to benefit from the potential upside move in the underlying asset’s price without actually owning it. It provides leverage and limited risk (the premium paid for the option).
  4. Long Put: Similar to the long call, buying a put option allows an investor to profit from the potential downside move in the underlying asset’s price without owning it. It provides leverage and limited risk (the premium paid for the option).
  5. Bull Call Spread (Debit Call Spread): In this strategy, an investor buys a call option with a lower strike price and simultaneously sells a call option with a higher strike price. The goal is to profit from a moderate upward move in the underlying asset while reducing the net cost of the trade.
  6. Bear Put Spread (Debit Put Spread): This strategy involves buying a put option with a higher strike price and simultaneously selling a put option with a lower strike price. It aims to profit from a moderate downward move in the underlying asset while reducing the net cost of the trade.
  7. Iron Condor: This is a combination of a bull put spread and a bear call spread. It is a neutral strategy designed to profit from low volatility, where the underlying asset’s price stays within a specific range.
  8. Straddle: This strategy involves buying both a call option and a put option with the same strike price and expiration date. It profits from significant price movement in either direction, regardless of the direction taken.
  9. Strangle: Similar to the straddle, a strangle involves buying both a call option and a put option. However, the strike prices are different, usually out-of-the-money. It also profits from significant price movement but at a lower cost compared to a straddle.

These are just a few examples of options strategies, and there are many more available, each with its own risk-reward profile. Before implementing any options strategy, it’s essential to thoroughly understand its mechanics and potential risks, and it’s advisable to practice with virtual accounts or paper trading before using real money. Additionally, consider consulting with a professional financial advisor to tailor a strategy that aligns with your specific financial goals and risk tolerance.

 

OPTION CHAIN STATERGY :-

An option chain is a tool that provides a comprehensive display of all available options contracts for a particular financial asset, such as a stock or an index. It presents a list of call and put options with different strike prices and expiration dates for that specific asset. Traders and investors use option chains to analyze and make decisions based on the various option contracts available.

Here are the key components of an option chain:

  1. Strike Price: The strike price is the predetermined price at which the option can be exercised (for both call and put options). It represents the price at which the underlying asset can be bought or sold upon exercise.
  2. Call Options: In an option chain, call options are usually listed on the left side. Call options give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy the underlying asset at the specified strike price on or before the expiration date.
  3. Put Options: Put options are typically listed on the right side of the option chain. Put options give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to sell the underlying asset at the specified strike price on or before the expiration date.
  4. Expiration Date: The expiration date is the last day on which the option can be exercised. After this date, the option contract becomes invalid. Option chains typically list various expiration dates for each option.
  5. Bid and Ask Prices: The bid price is the highest price a buyer is willing to pay for an option, while the ask price is the lowest price a seller is willing to accept. The difference between the bid and ask prices is known as the bid-ask spread.
  6. Open Interest: Open interest represents the total number of outstanding contracts for a particular option. It indicates how many contracts are currently in the market and has not been exercised or closed.
  7. Volume: The volume shows the number of option contracts that have been traded on a specific trading day.

By using an option chain, traders can quickly analyze the available options for a specific asset, compare their prices, and identify potential trading opportunities. It allows traders to see the potential risks and rewards of different option contracts and helps them make informed decisions based on their trading strategies and market outlook.

Option Trading For Beginners chains are commonly available on financial websites, trading platforms, and through brokerages, making it accessible to investors and traders who want to engage in options trading For Beginners .

Option Trading For Beginners | ₹ 1000 To ₹ 1 Lakh | Live Option Trading | Future And Option | f&O

Option Trading For Beginners | ₹ 1000 To ₹ 1 Lakh | Live Option Trading | Future And Option | f&O

Option trading For Beginners can be a powerful tool for investors and traders to hedge risk, generate income, or speculate on price movements. However, it’s important to understand that options carry their own set of risks and complexities. Here are some key points to consider when starting with option trading:

  1. Understand What Options Are: Options are financial derivatives that give the holder the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset (such as stocks, indices, or commodities) at a predetermined price (the strike price) within a specified period (until the expiration date).
  2. Types of Options: There are two main types of options: call options and put options. A call option gives the holder the right to buy the underlying asset, while a put option gives the holder the right to sell the underlying asset.
  3. Learn the Terminology: Familiarize yourself with key terms in options trading, such as strike price, premium, expiration date, intrinsic value, and extrinsic value (time value).
  4. Know Your Risk Tolerance: Options trading involves risk, and the value of options can fluctuate significantly. Determine your risk tolerance and only trade with money you can afford to lose.
  5. Educate Yourself: Take the time to learn the fundamentals of options trading. There are numerous online resources, courses, and books available to help you grasp the concepts.
  6. Start with Paper Trading: Before using real money, practice trading options with a virtual or paper trading account. This will allow you to get hands-on experience without risking your capital.
  7. Different Strategies: There are various options trading strategies, each with its own risk-reward profile. Some common strategies include buying call or put options, selling covered calls, and using spreads (e.g., bull call spread, bear put spread).
  8. Implied Volatility: Understand the concept of implied volatility, which affects option prices. Higher implied volatility generally leads to higher option premiums.
  9. Time Decay: As options approach their expiration date, their value may decrease due to time decay. This is an important factor to consider in certain options strategies.
  10. Risk Management: Implement risk management practices, such as setting stop-loss orders or position sizing, to limit potential losses.
  11. Stay Informed: Stay updated on market news, earnings reports, and events that could impact the underlying assets of your options.
  12. Avoid Overtrading: Options trading can be exciting, but avoid overtrading. Stick to your trading plan and avoid making impulsive decisions.
  13. Use Limit Orders: When executing options trades, use limit orders to specify the maximum price you are willing to pay or the minimum price you are willing to accept.
  14. Start Small: Begin with small positions to gain confidence and experience before increasing your trading size.
  15. Seek Advice: If you’re unsure about options trading, consider consulting with a financial advisor or an experienced options trader.

Options trading For Beginners can be both rewarding and challenging. It’s essential to invest time in learning and practicing before committing significant capital. As with any form of trading, discipline, patience, and continuous education are key to success.

Starting with option trading requires a step-by-step approach. Here’s a guide to help you begin with option trading:

  1. Educate Yourself: Before you start trading options, take the time to educate yourself about the basics of options, their mechanics, and different strategies. Read books, take online courses, and explore reputable resources to build a strong foundation.
  2. Brokerage Account: To trade options, you’ll need to open a brokerage account that supports options trading. Compare different brokerage platforms based on their fees, user interface, tools, and educational resources.
  3. Risk Assessment: Assess your risk tolerance and understand that options trading involves the potential for significant gains but also considerable losses. Only trade with money you can afford to lose.
  4. Options Approval: Once you have a brokerage account, you may need to apply for options trading approval. Brokers typically have different levels of options approval based on the trader’s experience and risk tolerance.
  5. Practice with Virtual Trading: Many brokerage platforms offer virtual or paper trading accounts. Use these accounts to practice trading options without risking real money. This will help you gain confidence and experience.
  6. Basic Option Terms: Understand key option terms such as call options, put options, strike price, expiration date, premium, and option contracts.
  7. Different Option Strategies: Learn about various option trading strategies, such as buying calls or puts, selling covered calls, and using spreads (e.g., vertical spreads, iron condors).
  8. Implied Volatility and Time Decay: Comprehend the concepts of implied volatility and time decay, as they are critical factors influencing options prices.
  9. Selecting Underlying Assets: Decide on the underlying assets (e.g., stocks, indices, commodities) you want to trade options on. Focus on assets that you understand and follow closely.
  10. Start Small: Begin with small position sizes until you become more confident in your trading abilities. Avoid risking a substantial portion of your capital on a single trade.
  11. Develop a Trading Plan: Create a trading plan that outlines your goals, risk management strategy, and the type of options trades you will execute. Stick to your plan and avoid making impulsive decisions.
  12. Stay Informed: Stay updated on market news, events, and earnings reports that may impact the underlying assets of your options.
  13. Execute Trades with Caution: When placing option trades, use limit orders to control the price at which your order is executed.
  14. Monitor Your Positions: Keep a close eye on your option positions and be prepared to adjust or close them if market conditions change.
  15. Learn from Experience: Be prepared to learn from both your successful and unsuccessful trades. Every trade is an opportunity to gain insights and improve your trading skills.

Remember that option trading For Beginners involves risks, and there are no guarantees of profits. Continuously educate yourself, practice, and develop a disciplined approach to become a more successful options trader over time.

For TRADING TIPS & COURSE CONTACT US – TRADE WITH AKANKSHA